Flashbacks and nightmares are common responses to trauma, especially after experiencing the intense stress of war. For children, these episodes can be particularly distressing, as they may not fully understand why they are happening. Flashbacks can make past events feel real again, while nightmares disrupt sleep and create fear of going to bed.

To help children overcome these challenges, parents can start by creating a safe and reassuring environment. Remind children that what they are feeling is a natural reaction to their experiences and that they are now in a safe place. Encourage them to talk about their feelings, but avoid pressuring them to share more than they are comfortable with.

Practical strategies include establishing a calming bedtime routine, such as reading a…